MÉTODOS NÃO FARMACOLÓGICOS NO ALÍVIO DA DOR DE LACTENTES DURANTE A VACINAÇÃO

Abstract

Non-pharmacological methods for pain relief in infants during vaccination play a crucial role in promoting a less traumatic and more comforting experience for both infants and their caregivers. This literature review aims to deepen the understanding of these methods, employing the SPIDER methodology to guide the search in SciELO and LILACS virtual libraries. The analysis identified three main categories of interventions: breastfeeding, skin-to-skin contact, and distraction techniques.Breastfeeding and skin-to-skin contact emerged as the most effective approaches, proven to minimize infants' discomfort during vaccination procedures. Breastfeeding, for example, not only alleviates pain through the calming effects of maternal contact and hormone release but also strengthens the mother-child bond, transforming a potentially distressing moment into an opportunity for connection and care. Skin-to-skin contact, in turn, provides a sense of security for the infant, encouraging endorphin release and reducing the perception of pain.This study highlights the importance of training healthcare professionals, especially nurses, to apply these practices with confidence and expertise. In a context where pain management can shape future health experiences, non-pharmacological methods emerge as powerful tools for humanizing care. Continuous training of healthcare professionals and the incorporation of these techniques into clinical practices can transform the vaccination setting into a more welcoming space, reducing suffering and promoting care that addresses the emotional and physical needs of infants.